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Africa is a continent that covers 6% of the land area and 20% of the surface of the earth. It has an area of 30,415,873 km2 islands. With over 1.1 million people, Africa accounts for 16% of the world population in 2014, the continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Suez Canal and the Red Sea to the north, the Indian Ocean southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. Since the independence of South Sudan in 2011, Africa has 54 sovereign states (not included SADR and Somaliland). 

Africa extends beyond Ecuador and many climates: temperate north and south, hot and desert along the tropical, hot and humid region of Ecuador. Due to the lack of regular rainfall and irrigation and the absence of glaciers or mountain aquifer systems, there is no means of natural climate regulation, with the exception of the coasts.